# Persons

* [Marcus Aurelius](marcus-aurelius.md) - Roman emperor (161-180 AD) and Stoic philosopher, last of the Five Good Emperors and author of the Meditations.
* [Epictetus](epictetus.md) - Greek Stoic philosopher (c. 55-135 AD), born a slave, later freed, who founded a school at Nicopolis; his lectures were recorded by Arrian as the Discourses and Enchiridion.
* [Seneca the Younger](seneca.md) - Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Roman Stoic philosopher and statesman; author of the Moral Letters to Lucilius and moral essays such as On the Shortness of Life.
* [James Bond Stockdale](james-stockdale.md) - U.S. Navy vice admiral and Vietnam POW who applied Epictetus's Stoicism through years of captivity in Hanoi, later writing and lecturing on it.
* [Gregory Hays](gregory-hays.md) - Classicist (University of Virginia) and translator of the Modern Library edition of the Meditations hosted on this site.
* [George Long](george-long.md) - 19th-century English classical scholar whose public-domain translation of Epictetus's Discourses and Enchiridion is hosted on this site.
* [Robert Dobbin](robert-dobbin.md) - Translator and editor of the modern Penguin edition of Epictetus's Discourses, Enchiridion, and Fragments hosted on this site.
* [Arrian](arrian.md) - Flavius Arrianus (c. 86-160 AD), Greek-born Roman consul and historian, pupil of Epictetus who transcribed his teacher's lectures into the Discourses and Enchiridion.
* [Zeno of Citium](zeno.md) - Founder of Stoicism (c. 334-262 BC), who taught at the painted porch (stoa) in Athens from which the school takes its name.
* [Cleanthes](cleanthes.md) - Second head of the Stoic school (331-232 BC), successor to Zeno, who developed and reformulated his doctrines.
* [Chrysippus of Soli](chrysippus.md) - Third head of the Stoa (c. 279-206 BC), the systematizer who divided philosophy into logic, physics, and ethics and refined the doctrine of pneuma.
* [Musonius Rufus](musonius-rufus.md) - Roman Stoic philosopher who taught and trained Epictetus, launching his career while Epictetus was still a slave.